Protocol Use at each of the TCP/IP Model Layers

At each layer of the OSI Model there are associated protocols that are in use.
These are not fully comprehensive lists but are examples of the more common protocols that are functioning at these different levels of the OSI Model.
At the Application layer you can find many but some of the more common ones include:

• DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• FTP - File Transfer Protocol
• HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol
• IMAP - IMAP4, Internet Message Access Protocol (version 4)
• LDAP - Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
• LPD - Line Printer Daemon Protocol
• MIME (S-MIME) - Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions and Secure MIME
• NFS - Network File System
• NNTP - Network News Transfer Protocol
• NTP - Network Time Protocol
• POP - POP3, Post Office Protocol (version 3)
• RDP - Remote Desktop Protocol
• RPC - Remote Procedure Call
• SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol
• SNTP - Simple Network Time Protocol
• SSH - Secure Shell
• TELNET - Terminal Emulation Protocol of TCP/IP
• TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

At the Presentation layer you can find these common protocols:

• MIME - Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
• SSL - Secure Sockets Layer
• TLS - Transport Layer Security
• XDR - eXternal Data Representation

At the Session layer you can find socket driven connections and session establishment in Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), and Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP).
You can also find Named Pipe sessions, a protocol in the Server Message Block (SMB) suite as well as the NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) application Programming Interface (since NetBIOS is not formally a true networking protocol).
Session Announcement Protocol (SAP) is a protocol for broadcasting multicast session information and it is also found at the Session layer.
At the Transport layer you can find these common protocols:

• SPX - Sequenced Packet Exchange
• TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
• UDP - User Datagram Protocol
• SCTP - Stream Control Transmission Protocol

At the Network Layer you can find these common protocols:

• ATP - AppleTalk Transaction Protocol
• IPv4 - Internet Protocol v4
• IPv6 - Internet Protocol v6
• IPX - Internetwork Packet Exchange
• ICMP - Internet Control Message Protocol
• IGMP - Internet Group Management Protocol
• OSPF - Open Shortest Path First

At the Data Link Layer you can find these common protocols:

• PPP - Point-to-Point Protocol
• PPTP - Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
• SLIP - Serial Line Internet Protocol
• L2TP - Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol

Since the Physical Layer is really for defining the physical "connection" or attachment of given media and how it is configured as well as the electrical and physical properties and the operating specifications for the devices and media in use there are no actual TCP/IP common protocols that are in use.
You can find certain combinations of media and standards at this layer such as RS-232 (Recommended Standard 232) which is the standard for data and control signals connecting between a DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) and a DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment) and Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) which provides digital data transmission over local telephone lines.