Thursday, March 3, 2011

Basic Computer Terms and Glossary

A searchable glossary of computer and Internet terms with simple definitions and mini explanations those are easy to understand, covering both the basic and the little advance.





  1. Byte is a combination of Eight bits.
  2. Combination of four bits is Nibble
  3. A Command is a kind of coded message.
  4. Word is the combination of two or more than two bytes.
  5. Binary code is a term which describes a way of counting.
  6. A, Binary digit, or bit for short is a number. It is either or.
  7. Data is a plural word which means facts or information.
  8. A Floppy disk is a part of a computer and it stores data and programes.
  9. A Hard disk stores information inside some kinds of computer.
  10. Input is information which flows into a computer.
  11. A mouse is a part of Computer
  12. A random access memory (RAM) is a part of a Computer
  13. A read-only memory, or ROM for short, is a part of a Computer
  14. Software, programs and data that are used by Computers
  15. A general collection of data shared by a variety of users is Database
  16. Firmware is defined as software embedded into the hardware.
  17. A Keyboard is a part of a computer; it has rows of buttons, called keys.
  18. Logic is a set of rules which controls the way in which computers work.
  19. A Laser is a device which produces a beam of very bright and powerful light.
  20. A Byte is a number, it carries instructions or information inside computers.
  21. A Mainframe computer is the largest and most powerful kind of computer.
  22. A Megabyte is a unit of measurement which measures an amount of data or the size of the memory in a computer.
  23. A Modem is a part of computers which connects a computer to a telephone line.
  24. A post processor is a Computer which uses a special kind of program. Words are typed on a keyboard and they appear on the screen of a visual display unit.
  25. A programme which converts assembly language programme into Machine language programme.
  26. Zero and one in their endless combination constitute binary I system on which Computers are based.
  27. Bit is the basic unit of Inverters. It can have two values one and zero only.
  28. Boolean algebra was developed to deal with binary numbers. Under the binary system all ordinary Arithmetical operations are reduced to their simplest form.
  29. Compiler is a programme which translates a high-level language programme into Machine language.
  30. The term given to the machinery itself and to me various individual pieces of equipment is Hardware.
  31. A set of instructions given to the computer in a particular sequence for solving a given problem is Programme.
  32. A collection of programmes writ- ten to bring the hardware of a computer system into operation is Software.
  33. The Operating system is an organized collection of routines and procedures for operating a computer.
  34. Time Sharing is the concurrent use of a single computer system by Many independent users.
  35. A central processing unit (CPU), is a part of a Computer, it uses a program to change data that pass through it.
  36. A Computer is an electronic machine which can solve problems very quickly.
  37. Hard copy is the information which is printed onto paper. The information usually comes from a computer or from a fax machine.
  38. A Kilobyte is a unit of measurement which measures an amount of data or the size of the memory in a computer.

Abbreviations associated with Computer

Here are some important abbreviations associated with Computer and web technology. These terms are very basic 
and general known



C DOT Center for Development of Telematrics.
HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
ROM Read Only Memory
RAM Random Access Memory
BIOS Basic Input Output System.
MODEM Modulation – Demodulation.
CAD Computer Aided Design.
PSTN Public Switched Public Data Network.
PSPDN Pocket Switched Public.
RABAN Remote Area Business Message Network.
LAN Local Area Network
WAN Wide Area Network .
MAN Metropolitan Area Network.
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access.
GAIS Gateway Internet Access Service
EMail Electronic Mail.
CD Compact Disc.
LDU Liquid Display Unit.
CPU Central Processing Unit.
CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing.
CATScan Computerized Axial Tomography Scan .
COBOL Common Business Oriented Language.
COMAL Common Algorithmic Language.
DOS Disk Operating System.
DTS Desk Top System
DTP Desk Top Publishing.
E Commerce Electronic Commerce.
ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator
FAX Far Away Xerox.
FLOPS Floating Operations Per Second.
FORTRAN Formula Translation.
HLL High Level Language.
HTML Hyper Text Markup Language.
IBM International Business Machine.
IC Integrated Circuit
ISH International Super Highway.
LISP List Processing.
LLL Low Level Language
MICR Magnetic Ink Character Recognizer.
MIPS Millions of Instructions Per Second.
MOPS Millions of Operations Per Second.
MPU Micro Processor Unit.
NICNET National Information Center Network.
OMR Optical Mark Reader.
PCDOT Personal Computer Disk Operation System.
PROM Programmable Read Only Memory.
SNOBOL String Oriented Symbolic Language.
UPS Uninterpretable Power Supply.
VDU Visual Display Unit.
VLSI Very Large Scale Integrated.
WWW World Wide Web.
CDAC Centre for Development of Advanced Parallel Computing

WLAN
Wireless Local Area Network.


WI-FI
Wireless Fidelity
TIFF
Tagged Image File Format


E-SATA
External Serial Advanced Technology Attachment


WiMAX
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access


JPEG
Joint Photographic Experts Group


GIF
Graphics Interchange Format


ATX
Advanced Technology Extended


UATX
Ultra Advanced Technology Extended


FATX
Flex Advanced Technology Extended


MATX
Micro Advanced Technology Extended


EEATX
Enhanced Extended Advanced Technology Extended


SDRAM
Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory


DDR RAM


Double- Data -Rate Random Access Memory
GUI
Graphical User Interfaces


CUI
Command User Interfaces